The hip dysplasia in addition to the acetabulum may also involve the proximal femur. The most common deformities are secondary to pathologies of the infant or juvenile hip.

In a normal hip, the femoral neck should have a certain length so that the muscles within the greater trochanter have adequate strength to counteract the body weight in gait.

When the femoral neck is shorter the lever is smaller, the muscles must push harder and the stress conveyed through the joint is greater.

There are other more complex deformities with change in three-dimensional orientation of the position of the femoral head and neck joint which can profoundly alter the mechanics of hip. In patients with symptoms its correction involves changing the shape the proximal end of the femur preserving the viability of the femoral head (it depends on the blood flow) (see section "Surgical hip dislocation")

 

Esquema do equilíbrio da bacia na marcha e de como o colo do fémur funciona como o braço de potência de uma alavanca.

Quanto mais longo for menor terá de ser a força dos músculos da anca para equilibrar o peso do corpo

   

Anca esquerda tratada durante a infância por displasia do acetábulo, apresenta uma deformidade do fémur com o colo curto e o trocânter subido, depois de feita correcção, melhoramos a função dos musculos trocantéricos e a mobilidade da anca

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